Gasless transactions are blockchain transactions where users do not need to pay transaction fees, commonly known as gas. Instead, a third party, such as a sponsor or a smart contract, covers the fees on the user’s behalf. This makes it easier for newcomers to use blockchain applications without needing to hold cryptocurrency for fees.
Decentralised Name Services are systems that allow users to register and manage human-readable names, like website addresses, using blockchain technology. These names replace complex strings such as wallet addresses or technical identifiers, making it easier for people to interact with digital services. Because the system is decentralised, no single entity controls the database, reducing the…
Bonding curves are mathematical formulas used in digital markets to set the price of a token based on its supply. As more people buy tokens, the price automatically rises according to the curve, and when tokens are sold, the price falls. This system helps automate pricing and liquidity without needing a traditional market or order…
An Initial DEX Offering (IDO) is a way for new cryptocurrency projects to raise funds by selling their tokens directly on a decentralised exchange (DEX). This method allows anyone to participate in the token sale, often with fewer restrictions than traditional fundraising methods. IDOs typically offer immediate trading of tokens once the sale ends, providing…
Covenant contracts are a type of agreement used mainly in decentralised finance and blockchain systems. They include specific rules or restrictions about how and when assets can be used or transferred. These contracts help ensure that certain conditions are met before actions are carried out, adding an extra layer of security and trust to transactions….
A verifiable random function, or VRF, is a type of cryptographic tool that produces random outputs which can be independently checked for correctness. When someone uses a VRF, they generate a random value along with a proof that the value was correctly created. Anyone can use this proof to verify the result without needing to…
Decentralised key management is a way to handle digital keys, such as those for encryption or signing, without relying on a single central authority. Instead, the responsibility for creating, storing, and sharing keys is spread across multiple people or systems, making it harder for any one person or group to compromise the entire system. This…
Front-running mitigation refers to methods and strategies used to prevent or reduce the chances of unfair trading practices where someone takes advantage of prior knowledge about upcoming transactions. In digital finance and blockchain systems, front-running often happens when someone sees a pending transaction and quickly places their own order first to benefit from the price…
Futarchy is a proposed system of governance where decisions are made based on predictions of their outcomes, often using prediction markets. Instead of voting directly on what to do, people vote on which goals to pursue, then use markets to predict which actions will best achieve those goals. This approach aims to use collective intelligence…
Quadratic voting is a method of collective decision-making where people allocate votes not just by choosing a single option, but by buying multiple votes for the issues they care most about. The cost of each extra vote increases quadratically, meaning the second vote costs more than the first, the third more than the second, and…